# Contested concept: normal (for species)

_**What you are reading**: one contested-concept page in Deliberus's deliberation graph. Deliberus maps human reasoning — including claims that are contested, mistaken, or extreme — so that disagreement can be examined precisely. A claim's presence here is not an endorsement: the graph records that someone argued it, how it connects to other reasoning, and how far scrutiny has gotten. The metadata on this page describes the state of that scrutiny, not the truth of the claim._

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- **Contestedness**: semantic
- **Diagnosis**: The reply by Rachels trades on the descriptive sense of 'normal' to attack a view that may use it only to classify, so the two sides talk past each other.
- **Canonical**: `/concept/normal (for species)` (data: `/concept/normal (for species).json`)

## Senses in use
- **A statistical majority trait of the species, which sets standing for all members** — used in 3 claim(s)
- **Customary behavior typical of members, which Rachels says would exclude an exceptional chimp from university** — used in 2 claim(s)

## Claims using this term
- [It is not "normal" behavior for a chimpanzee [to enter a university]](/claim/claim_473827d786a0.md) _(sense: Customary behavior typical of members, which Rachels says would exclude an exceptional chimp from university)_
- [If one adopts the idea that individuals of a species must be treated according to what is normal for that species, then it would imply a ch…](/claim/claim_5fef44d62914.md) _(sense: Customary behavior typical of members, which Rachels says would exclude an exceptional chimp from university)_
- [The moral status of an individual depends on what is normal for that individual's species.](/claim/claim_8434a9b18762.md) _(sense: A statistical majority trait of the species, which sets standing for all members)_
- [Members of species whose members are mostly not moral agents, such as non-human animals, do not have the same rights and protections as hum…](/claim/claim_8a311c7f0081.md) _(sense: A statistical majority trait of the species, which sets standing for all members)_
- [If most of a species' members are moral agents then any member [of that species] has the same rights and protections as the species.](/claim/claim_f624bc2b4b73.md) _(sense: A statistical majority trait of the species, which sets standing for all members)_